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Zoidov Ê.Kh. To the Problem of Research of
Cyclic Processes in the Soviet and Transitive Russian Economy.
Multiform
cycles of USSR and Russian economics are investigated. Among them are
investment and structual, scarce and inflationary, long-term and
medium-term
cycles. Cycle of managing development conceptual model is designed and
advocated. Cycles are considered. The model is based on foundamental
medium-term cycle processes of USSR
economics. The core of cycle processes in Russian transitional
economics is
revealed. On this base the methodical approach to the effective
regualary
strategy design in Rassian transition economics is suggested.
In clause
questions of efficiency and potential are considered. Their essence is
analyzed. Is defined as efficiency through three forms of potential.
The to a
focus is brought to potential of a manpower. The potential of group of
scientists is investigated.
The
structural policy in the Post-Soviet Russia actually was absent.
Therefore the
degradation of technological structure of economy grew, that eventually
had led
to structural crisis. To overcome crisis it is possible if it have
carried out
modernization of economy on the advanced scientific and technical
basis. In
this paper the brief generalization of laws of long-term technical and
economic
development is given, the present condition of technological structure
of the
Russian economy is analyzed, and also problems of structural policy for
removal
of Russia from structural crisis to a trajectory of fast and steady
economic
growth is based.
Ptuskin À.S. Investment Model of Strategic
Development of a Firm.
We offer
the construction of investment model of strategic development of a firm
in the
context of system approach where the diverse structure of investment
projects
and their links are allowed for. The basic idea is that the
maximization of
increment of the firm socio-economic potential is used as the goal
function of
the model. The system of multi-dimensional constraints of the model is
defined.
We use fuzzy values to account for uncertainty of model parameters.
Control
Procedures have an essential impact on the efficiency of management
activity
therefore determining the place and the role of control within the
governance
system of Russian enterprises is very topical today. The article
reflects the
burning issues of the existing culture of management and level of
control
activities in Russia.
In clause(article)
are analysed intensity of streams (an input(entrance) and an
output(exit)) on
categories of economic activity of the population and levels of
stability of
the unemployed on the Russian labour market. Risks of unemployment for
borrowed(occupied) and economically inactive population (with
experience and
without an operational experience) for 1999–2006 years are appreciated.
Parameters of an acceptable level of stability of the unemployed are
investigated, the opportunity of his(its) use for definition of factor
of risk
of unemployment and losses in manufacture of a total internal product
of the
country is proved. Scales of these losses are determined. It is marked,
that a
key problem(task) of a policy(politics) of employment of the population
is reduction
of duration of searches of work, counteraction to transition of
unemployment in
the stagnant form, and its(her) major direction should become the
policy(politics) directed on growth of economic activity of the
population.
The
analysis and quantitative characterization
of the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in our country
with
special reference to the nanomaterials are presented. To calculate the
bibliometrics indicators and patent statistics for the period from 1991
to 2003
we used the SCI database (Web of Science), the databases of ROSPATENT,
of the
Russian Foundation for Basic Research, of the Russian Higher
Certification
Commission and others. It was established that in studying the
fullerenes – the
most important class of carbon nanostructures – the Russian scientists
have a
number of achievements of the world (and higher than the world) level.
The
institutional structure and socioeconomic factors of the scientific
direction
development in our country are considered, including the relevant
research
community estimate and the perspectives of its results applications.
The article
critisizes the Soviet Law of proportional economic development
according to
plan. The author insists that in a normal economy the volume of
production must
exceed the (solvent) demand. If a socialist economy is an economy of
shortage a
capitalist one is an economy of surplus.
The article
reminds us about the scientific heritage of Thorstein Veblen
(1857–1929). Most
of his ideas appeared to be important for modern Russian economy. The
wasteful
consumer behavior, aggressive, non-competent and in some way,
anti-social
economic behavior of what T. Veblen called 'the Leisure Class' often
contradicts the needs of the whole Russian society. The development of
financial markets and further separation between ownership and
management – a
so-called 'Virtual Economy' has made it imperative to study the
phenomenon of
'Absentee Ownership'. T. Veblen has concentrated his theoretical
analysis on
the contradictions between 'the Leisure Class' and industry, natural
and
demonstrative demand, producing and money-grabbing types of economic
behavior.
The author of this article is sure that the ideas of T. Veblen are
still actual
nowadays.